What are the different elements of a pillow?

Flange: A strip of fabric added to the pillow edge. A flange increases the overall dimension of the pillow and it can be made with either the same or a contrasting fabric.

Ex: If the pillow was originally 18x18" and the strip of fabric is 2" wide, with the flange the pillow would be 20x20"

Band: Strips of fabric sewn onto the pillow. A band does not affect the overall size of the Pillow; it is an addition of contrasting fabric to the overall look. 

Cord: A pre-manufactured decorative element that can be sewn onto the edges of a pillow. It is typically 1/4 - 1/2" but can also come in 3/4 - 1".

Welt: The Specified fabric is wrapped around a cord and sewn onto the pillow edge. A Contrast Welt is done with a contrasting fabric, whereas a Self Welt is done with pillow face fabric.